Eeahz losbii



June 14 192?,

STATIONARY GUIDE NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION AND ASSEMBLY FOR TURBINES l ed July 17, 1924 INVENTOR Patented June 14, 1.927..

E ST insane FRANZ Leann; or Biscu t. czncn'osnovnxrn.

Application filed July 17,1924, Serial No. 726,458; and Austria July 26, 1923.

Thisinvention relates toelastic fluid turbines. 1i

The object of the invention is toprovide turbine guide nozzle structureand assembly possessing certain novel features of construction which: contribute substantially to the economical production and accuracy of construction and without'impairing the turbine performance under service conditions. More p'articularly the invention relates to a new stationary guide nozzle and separating diaphragm structure for disc wheel turbines and a newfmanner of manufacture and assembly thereof whereby the above indicated improvements are effected, as more fully hereinafter set forth. '.For a betterunderstanding of the invention, reference may be had to the accompanyingdrawings wherein: m

F'g. 1 is a part sectional view of turbine embodying the invention; 1 7

Figq2 is alongitudinalsection at right angles to Fig. 1; v

Fig. Sis' a plan view'of a portion of a 2 separating discf with parts of the turbine ment.

casing broken away M p Fig.4 isa sectionalongthe line 4.-'-4 of Ii I v.

' Fig. 5 isa-p'erspectiv'e view of a guide nozzle element; y Q I Fig. 6 is aplanview of an elementblank illustrating a step in the manufacture, and

Fig. 7 is a perspective view illustrating j-a further step in the manufacture of an ele- Referring to the drawings, I have illustrated my invention as embodied n a turbine "having rotor wheels 1, a surrounding casing or other diaphragm support 2, and sep'arat- "ing diaphragms or discs 3 ('onlyone shown indravvings). The rotatingcanals are indicated at land the stationary guide nozzle canalsat5'. The latter are formed in guide nozzle elements 6 of the character illustrated in Fig. o a-11d these elements are assembled in abutting relation aboutthe periphery of the diaphragmsil and guided attheir outer ends'in annular grooves 7 formed onthe int-erior'of'the turbine casing or-a special car- "rier body 2. Theno'zzle elements 6 are formed with iidenticalabut-ting side curved surfaces 8 and 9,'-the concave side9ofeach 5 element matching and fitting tightly against i the'convex side 8' of the next adjacent ele- 'fment." The end surfaces 10 of the" elements 7 are plane parallelsurfaces at right angles to J the rotor-shaft so as to fit easily into the gulde grooves 7 formed in the casing. The outer surface 11 of each element is slightly curyed to correspond to the curvature of the caslng and grooves 7 formed therein. Each stationary canal 5 is cut entirely through a single nozzle element 6, namely through one side thereof, whereby when the elements are the sides 8 and 9 must therefore be of a character to conform to the concave wall of the nozzle canals. The nozzle elements 6 may be mounted upon the diaphragms 3 in any suitable manner and are here shown as having-wedge' shaped attaching lugs 12 which are inserted in similar shaped annular peripheral grooves about the diaphragms 3 with attaching pins, rivets or screws 13 passlng transversely through to hold them in position'. The attachingmembers 13 may be omitted in certain of the elements, as indicated in Fig. 1, since the unsecured weda'e like nozzle elements are firmly held against movement in the peripheral direction between a pair of secured elements and against movement in other directions by the pressure and friction of the other nozzles and by the grooves in the diaphragm and in the casing. In certain cases it is desirable to provide a slight radial play of the guide nozzles within the grooves 7. as indicated.

f Figs. 6 and 7 indicate steps in the formation of the individual nozzle elements 6 before they are assembled about the diaphraszms.

Fig. 6 indicatesa plan view of an individual I of the ring of assembled individual guide nozzle elements, the ring being cut on a bias along planes including the ring center to form the sides 8 and 9, although in certain instances it may be desirable to form these blanks, from a straight or'other shape of bar sliaping-of-theee. The blenk-isifirst manipulated to transform the planar sides '8' and 9' into convex and concave sides 8 und 9 as indicated in dotted lines in e curvatures 'of "8' and &9 may,

respective/ 1131 *6 if lesi red, approximate a mylindnieal .femmaspend to the desired cnmuwe wall of the guide nozzle canals. They m e of :a rradwl avsedge like shape. Preferably both rmdial walls '9 and 1411f the monile canal .amehf a cylindrical formation with circles which rare tangential to thesangles of 'the eeand emit-sides of the blade. In this 'ease ithe machining work 'ovm :be 'easily efiected us by trimming of the nozzle hlmnk or the milling tool with e minimum rxf the :neeeme'ny manipulations. 4 The blank thus formed :is indicated in Fig. Land the 'neatrstep ie'to mill or out but :the canal 5 as indicated in dotted dines. The lower end ofithe element is tformed dis iindieated in ddtted lines with the wedge like rfcot T12 .and the muzzle elements thus mhtained are ussenihled into the structure illustrated and in the manner indicated above.

Iihe *iull vadmiesion-stationany guide 'nonzle etrueture rthns'ohtaineil has the mdwamtegethat each canal is formed entirely lth one sideafelnonzlealementiand hitenmefliate rite mpper and "lower rsunfaees and with the concave nideof'thendjmentelemem forming the closure ifor the ea'ml Ghereiaue only two joints through which the steam may There ieno COUGILStIl doritheiringmf guide nozzles, the :neeeseity r sunh part-beingiob- Minted in drmention, and the lease assembly of-the'indiviidual elemenfls-eentrihutes to economical production. Meeeover, eno- 'nomical production is assumed by my novel method'of forming-ilhe Fbla'nke'on-a thins, and then :mnnupul'ating them in the Ymannereet forth to obtztin accurately fitting concaveconvex nozzleelements which may be eeldily fittedtogether about the diaphragm periph- =eries to 'fonm rings of abutting elements with uccura'te and smooth canals termed :therein of the :exact curvature desired.

I claim:

1. In a mnltistnge'disc wheel turbine'a' casing element having aan annular guide I the nozzle Blidmulzlemiqg having its l y heral edge disposed an and guided kg e oove inthecasin element and the unit inc uding ments being radially relatively separrtble'from 'the'casing element and said enozzleelementsbeing rela- 'tive'ly separa ble Trorn't-he diaphragm member. .2. In :a multistage disc wheel turbine a casing element having an annular ide gmoveionmed -on the-interior theme "and a diaphragm and guide nozzle unit die in :the plane riff dzhae ,greove andntlepanfling we -adjacent rotating wheel 'elts; momprising tin-inner disc aeetion and mining-veg e llifillwofzdbutliillg rilmlbne an 21:. ,0- ried on the disc eniplmrymnd: r r 1 thei'r 10111331 edges-by thegehve element, ea-uh mt said guide .noule drawing .a inll'mml :ienmed n. L nitle :in'atte its -outer and inm"miand drawing mad'ml abutting of a-eurweture'wrrosponding mtlee-qidewdl lofliqg mil-imaf the ieenal so ante deem r8 e tgllidfi grooves thezintefim-ithene of and alternating with the mil a, plurality 'of flinphregm and guide mmzle units disposed in the planes of saidundaapnrltingthe wheel nlenlnts,

, u w each of said units comprising ne dig: -=eedion and a rringiseotion-eiiabuttinggnide the grooue in the musing element, ml! 2 1 said guide nozzle elements having amend 0f ifull dimensions rfonmedain want its ehflttingeunfaheeiateiflqp I lower amines and havingemdialt r v eunfws ezf-amurxature oer 1 i canal eurwahme, undmchofreead end'stetiomry nozzle units beinginelntivoly radiallyiremenhle iron: the a gulls 9 muscle of e the musingwlement guide elements-hairy radially-rel fromthe diaphmgmun. f; 1 4.1311 11 multistage dine m easing element an annfluvgnd' e .groeve .fcn'med "on a diaphragm, and nozzle "unit I the plane-vol rthe greeve nd wanting Jaye adjacent rotating wheel elemental, ingnn zinne'r disc mber aud'ammtereing ofiindividuul abuttingnozzle .t

- g theetatienery guide ing. its outer-'periphamladfl unand ithe adjacent =ginde amzzle t.

en the disc pempherggwaul Jawbummer e w H guided by the groove in the casing element and the unit including the nozzle elements being radially relatively separable from the casing element and said nozzle ring having a substantial play within the annular guide groove in the casing.

5. In a multi-stage disc Wheel turbine a casing element having an annular guide groove formed on the interior thereof and a diaphragm and guide nozzle unit disposed in the plane of the groove and separating two adjacent rotating Wheel elements comprising an inner disc section having an annular wedge-shaped peripheral groove thereon and a ring section of individual abutting guide nozzle elements having corresponding wedge-shaped feet disposed in the wedgeshaped groove and guided at their outer edges by the groove in the casing element, whereby the nozzle elements are relatively radially separable from both the annular guide groove in the casing and from the carrying groove of the disc.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FRANZ LCiSEL. 

